Thumb sucking teeth: effects, solutions & how to fix them

Thumb sucking is a common self-soothing habit in young children. While thumb sucking is normal in infancy, the habit becomes detrimental when it persists into preschool and beyond. This article explores the effect of thumb sucking on teeth, possible solutions, and how to stop the habit effectively. Habits among children. Children, during childhood, suck their thumbs and long-use of pacifiers.

Effect of thumb sucking on teeth

Misaligned teeth

We all know that thumb-sucking is not a very good habit, and over time, constant thumb-sucking can lead to incorrect teeth positioning. This condition often results in an open bite, where the upper and lower front teeth do not meet when biting down; if left unchecked for years, this can affect chewing and speech.

Change of jaw shape

With constant pressure from their thumb, an abnormally shaped jaw may develop. The upper teeth may protrude over the lower teeth, creating what dentists call an overbite. Or the reverse may occur, called an underbite, where the lower teeth extend beyond the upper teeth.

Speech problems

The changes brought about by misaligned teeth and altered jaw changes will eventually lead to speech problems. Many children will show a lisp, while others will have difficulty pronouncing particular sounds like "s" or "th."

Roof of the mouth deformities

Due to the thumb's pressure, the roof of the mouth, called the palate, may become misshapen, leading to further dental and speech problems.

Increased risk of infection

Thumb-sucking allows germs and bacteria to enter the mouth, increasing the risk of infections. This is a bigger concern if the child has cuts or sore thumbs.

Why do children suck their thumbs?

The reasons behind thumb sucking can be understood, and with that facility, parents may be able to curb the habit effectively. The commonest reasons are enumerated as follows:

Self-soothing

Children suck their thumbs to comfort themselves during instances that may require them to expose themselves to stress or unfamiliarity or discomfort. It provides a sense of security and relaxation.

Boredom or fatigue

Children may suck on their thumbs when they get bored or tired or just want stimulation. It can develop into a response to that very experience.

Hunger or teething

Sucking the thumb mouthpiece may signify hunger in some children, while for others, it is a response to painful gums caused by the tearing of teeth.

Learned behavior

When kids see brothers and sisters suck their thumbs, they pick it up. That would also apply to learning, trying to copy by an infant. If the baby is not able to break the habit early on.

Solution to stop thumb sucking

Breaking the thumb-sucking habit takes time and perseverance. Some effective techniques to help children abandon the habit include the following ones:

Positive reinforcement

Praise and encourage her to stop thumb-sucking. Give her small rewards like treats, stickers, extra playtime, or a break from chores whenever she avoids the habit.

Identify triggers

Be aware of when and why your child sucks their thumb. If they feel stressed, encourage them to use alternative coping mechanisms, such as deep breathing or holding a stuffed animal.

Thumb guard

Thumb guards are appliances that cover the thumb and limit thumb sucking. They are non-intrusive protective covers that can be worn during daytime or nighttime.

Bitter-tasting nail polish

Bitter nail polish put on their thumb will stop the children from sucking it. The awful taste is a reminder to stay away from the habit.

Talk to your child

Talk to your child about what thumb sucking does to teeth and health in a way they can understand. Let them know the importance of trying to break the habit themselves.

Seek professional help

If all attempts to stop the habit fail, consult a pediatric dentist or orthodontist for further help, therapy, or an appliance.

How To fix dental issues caused by thumb sucking?

Common solutions would be:

Orthodontic treatment

Braces or other orthodontic appliances can help correct misaligned teeth and bite problems due to thumb sucking. Early intervention is recommended to prevent more serious issues later in life. Orthodontic treatment may also help fix the child's speech and chewing capability.

Palatal expanders

Since thumb sucking causes a narrow and arched palate, a palatal expander can be used to allow for gradual broadening of the palate. This creates space for the teeth to align properly within the jaw. Palatal expanders are usually used in young children whose bones are still in the growing phase.

Speech therapy

If thumb sucking has interfered with the child's speech, they will benefit from speech therapy. A speech therapist may work with the child to improve articulation and rectify any lingering issues caused by dental misalignment.

Behavioral therapy

For those children who are unable to stop thumb sucking obtained through emotional or psychological criteria, behavioral therapy is indicated. A therapist will help the child develop healthy coping strategies and gradually stop thumb-sucking.

Regular dental checkups

Regular dental visits are important for monitoring a child's dental health and quickly addressing emergent issues. An evaluation will provide tailored recommendations and interventions to address thumb-sucking-related dental concerns.

When to seek professional help?

If thumb sucking persists after the age of 5 or leads to notable dental problems, it might be best to consult with a professional. A child's dentist or orthodontist will evaluate his or her dental health and recommend the proper intervention.

Signs to watch

Preventing thumb sucking in younger children

Below are preventive measures for thumb sucking in younger children for parents and caregivers:

Give alternatives

Offer a pacifier or some comfort object like a stuffed animal. This will be enough to satisfy the child's desire for oral stimulation without making her suck her thumb. Pacifiers are relatively easier to decondition, as they can similarly be withdrawn without any abrupt changes.

Self-soothing methods

Instead of suckling their thumbs, teach children how to comfort themselves. They could cuddle with a blanket or listen to soothing music. Such techniques might be more useful during bedtime or stressful situations.

Create a calm environment

It may be possible to reduce thumb-sucking by eliminating as much need for it as possible and minimizing stress and anxiety in the environment the child experiences. Making sure the child is feeling safe and loved helps build healthier habits.

Recap

Thumb sucking is a normal behavior in toddlers; however, if it continues for too long, it can lead to dental complications. By appreciating thumb sucking's consequences to the teeth and resolving these problems, parents can help their children to break the habit and keep healthy smiles. Breaking the thumb-sucking habit and addressing dental issues requires perseverance, consistency, and professional guidance.

FAQs

How do you fix overbite from thumbsucking? +

Using braces, aligners, or palatal expanders is generally effective for overbites caused by sucking one's thumb. So, it is advisable to have early orthodontic treatment.

What is the habit reversal treatment of thumbsucking? +

The entire course of habit reversal would include identifying stimuli for the habit, providing rewards for time intervals during which the behavior is refrained from, and replacing thumb sucking with some other relaxing behaviors.

Is thumb sucking harmful? +

Thumb sucking is not harmful to infants; however, for children beyond this 4-5 year principle, it may misalign the dentition or cause problems related to jaws or speech.

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